Experimental Studies Use Blinding to Prevent Researchers from Biasing Theirmeasurements

question 17

Essay

Experimental studies use blinding to prevent researchers from biasing theirmeasurements of the subjects. In a study of a drug intervention, a clinician who was"blinded" was asked to guess what treatment each subject received. Data from thatexperiment are shown below. Suppose a person is to be chosen at random from thesubjects in this study.
a) What is the probability that the clinician made a correct guess for the selectedsubject?
b) What is the probability the selected subject received the drug treatment?
c) What is the probability the selected subject will be one for whom the cliniciancorrectly guessed as having received drug treatment?
d) What is the probability the selected subject will be one for whom the clinicianguessed correctly or who received the standard treatment?
e) What is the probability the selected subject will be one for whom the clinicianguessed correctly and who received the standard treatment?
f) In a few sentences, explain why the probabilities calculated in parts (d) and (e)differ.

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Definitions:

Double Rule

A method used in accounting to underline a summary amount twice to indicate a total, final, or especially significant figure.

End-Of-Period Spreadsheet

A comprehensive document or tool used to compile accounting information before finalizing financial statements, aiding in the review and adjustment of account balances.

Total

This refers to the sum or aggregate amount of any given set of numbers or measures.

Columns Balance

The process of verifying that the sum of debit values equals the sum of credit values in an accounting system, ensuring accuracy in records.