Express the Sum Using Summation Notation $$a + a r + a r ^ { 2 } + \ldots + a r ^ { 13 }$$

question 63

Multiple Choice

Express the sum using summation notation. Use a lower limit of summation, not necessarily 1, and k for the index of
summation.
- $$a + a r + a r ^ { 2 } + \ldots + a r ^ { 13 }$$

• A) \(\sum _ { \mathrm { k } = 1 } ^ { 14 } a r ^ { \mathrm { k } }\)
• B) \(\sum _ { k = 0 } ^ { 13 } ( a r ) ^ { k }\)
• C) \(\sum _ { k = 0 } ^ { 13 } a r ^ { k }\)
• D) \(\sum _ { k = 1 } ^ { 13 } a r ^ { k }\)

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Definitions:

Fixed Costs

Costs that do not change with the level of output produced by the firm, such as rent, salaries, or loan repayments.

Positive Reinforcement

A method in behavior psychology where a positive stimulus is presented after a desired behavior, increasing the likelihood of that behavior in the future.

Desirable Behaviour

Actions or conduct that are considered favorable or appropriate in a particular context.

Frequency

A measure of how often an event occurs.