A Certain HMO Is Attempting to Show the Benefits of Managed

question 78

Multiple Choice

A certain HMO is attempting to show the benefits of managed care to an insurance company. The HMO believes that certain types of doctors are more cost-effective than others. One theory is that certification level is an important factor in measuring the cost-effectiveness of physicians. To investigate this, the HMO obtained independent random samples of 27 physicians from each of the three certification levels-Board certified (C) ; Uncertified, board eligible (E) ; and Uncertified, board ineligible (I) -and recorded the total per-member, per-month charges for each (a total of 27 physicians) . In order to compare the mean charges for the three groups, the data will be subjected to an analysis of variance. Write the null hypothesis tested by the ANOVA.

• A) \(H _ { 0 } : \mu _ { \mathrm { C } } = \mu _ { \mathrm { E } } = \mu \mathrm { I }\)
• B) \(H _ { 0 } : \mu _ { \mathrm { C } } = \mu _ { \mathrm { E } } = \mu _ { \mathrm { I } } = 0\)
• C) \(H _ { 0 } : p _ { 1 } = p _ { 2 } = p _ { 3 }\)
• D) \(H _ { 0 } : \beta _ { 1 } = \beta _ { 2 } = \beta _ { 3 } = 0\)

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Definitions:

Confounding Variables

Factors other than the independent variable that might cause changes in the dependent variable, potentially misleading the results of a study.

Original Variables

Fundamental or initial factors or conditions that can influence outcomes in scientific research or statistical analysis.

Reverse-scored Items

Questions in a survey or test designed in such a way that high values indicate the opposite of what is being measured, used to control for response bias.

Personality Assessments

Methods or tools used to evaluate and measure an individual's personality characteristics and traits.