SCENARIO 14-15
the Superintendent of a School District Wanted to Predict

question 225

Short Answer

SCENARIO 14-15
The superintendent of a school district wanted to predict the percentage of students passing a sixth-
grade proficiency test. She obtained the data on percentage of students passing the proficiency test
(% Passing), mean teacher salary in thousands of dollars (Salaries), and instructional spending per
pupil in thousands of dollars (Spending) of 47 schools in the state. Following is the multiple regression output with $Y = \%$ Passing as the dependent variable, $X _ { 1 } =$
Salaries and $X _ { 2 } =$ Spending:

$\begin{array}{lr}\hline {\text { Regression Statistics }} \\\hline \text { Multiple R } & 0.4276 \\\text { R Square } & 0.1828 \\\text { Adjusted R Square } & 0.1457 \\\text { Standard Error } & 5.7351 \\\text { Observations } & 47 \\\hline\end{array}$

ANOVA


$\begin{array}{lrrrrrr}\hline & \text { Coefficients } & \text { Standard Error } & \text { t Stat } & \rho \text {-value } & \text { Lower 95\% } & \text { Upper 95\% } \\\hline \text { Intercept } & -72.9916 & 45.9106 & -1.5899 & 0.1190 & -165.5184 & 19.5352 \\\text { Salary } & 2.7939 & 0.8974 & 3.1133 & 0.0032 & 0.9853 & 4.6025 \\\text { Spending } & 0.3742 & 0.9782 & 0.3825 & 0.7039 & -1.5972 & 2.3455 \\\hline\end{array}$

-Referring to Scenario 14-15, what is the p-value of the test statistic when testing whether mean
teacher salary has any effect on percentage of students passing the proficiency test, taking into
account the effect of instructional spending per pupil?

Recognize the relationship between the level of significance (α), p-values, and the decision to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Understand the implications of changing the level of significance on the probability of Type I and Type II errors.

Apply knowledge of hypothesis testing to various real-world contexts and scenarios, such as quality control, academic beliefs, and market trends.

Calculate p-values and interpret their significance in the context of hypothesis testing.

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