An Industrial Psychologist Is Investigating the Effects of Work Environment

question 54

Short Answer

An industrial psychologist is investigating the effects of work environment on employee attitudes. A group of 20 recently hired sales trainees were randomly assigned to one of four different "home rooms"- five trainees per room. Each room is identical except for wall color. The four colors used were light green, light blue, gray, and red. The psychologist wants to know whether room color has an effect on attitude, and, if so, wants to compare the mean attitudes of the trainees assigned to the four room colors. At the end of the training program, the attitude of each trainee was measured on a 60-pt. scale (the lower the score, the poorer the attitude). The data was subjected to a one-way analysis of variance. ONE-WAY ANOVA FOR ATTITUDE BY COLOR
$\begin{array}{l|c|r|r|c|c}\text { SOURCE } & \text { DF } & {\text { 55 }} & {\text { MS }} & {\text { F }} & \text { P } \\\hline \text { BETWEEN } & 3 & 1678.15 & 559.3833 & 59.03782 & 0.0000 \\\text { WITHIN } & 16 & 151.6 & 9.475 & & \\\text { TOTAL } & 19 & 1829.75 & & &\end{array}$

$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\text { SAMPLE GROUP }$
$\begin{array}{l|c|c|c}\text { COLOR } & \text { MEAN } & \text { SIZE } & \text { STD DEV } \\\hline \text { Blue } & 52.000 & 5 & 4.3589 \\\text { Green } & 51.800 & 5 & 3.9623 \\\text { Gray } & 33.000 & 5 & 1.5811 \\\text { Red } & 34.200 & 5 & 0.8367\end{array}$

Give the null hypothesis for the ANOVA $F$ -test shown on the printout.
A) $H _ { 0 } : \mu _ { \text {green } } = \mu _ { \text {blue } } = \mu _ { \text {gray } } = \mu _ { \text {red } }$ , where the $\mu ^ { \prime }$ s represent mean attitudes for the four rooms
B) $H _ { 0 } : \mu _ { 1 } = \mu _ { 2 } = \mu _ { 3 } = \mu _ { 4 } = \mu _ { 5 }$ , where the $\mu _ { i }$ represent attitude means for the $i$ th person in each room
C) $H _ { 0 } : x _ { 1 } = x _ { 2 } = x _ { 3 } = x _ { 4 }$ , where the $x$ 's represent the room colors
D) $H _ { 0 } : p _ { \text {green } } = p _ { \text {blue } } = p _ { \text {gray } } = p _ { \text {red } }$ , where the $p ^ { \prime }$ s represent the proportion with the corresponding attitude

• A) \(H _ { 0 } : \mu _ { \text {green } } = \mu _ { \text {blue } } = \mu _ { \text {gray } } = \mu _ { \text {red } }\), where the \(\mu ^ { \prime }\) s represent mean attitudes for the four rooms
• B) \(H _ { 0 } : \mu _ { 1 } = \mu _ { 2 } = \mu _ { 3 } = \mu _ { 4 } = \mu _ { 5 }\), where the \(\mu _ { i }\) represent attitude means for the \(i\) th person in each room
• C) \(H _ { 0 } : x _ { 1 } = x _ { 2 } = x _ { 3 } = x _ { 4 }\), where the \(x\) 's represent the room colors
• D) \(H _ { 0 } : p _ { \text {green } } = p _ { \text {blue } } = p _ { \text {gray } } = p _ { \text {red } }\), where the \(p ^ { \prime }\)s represent the proportion with the corresponding attitude

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Definitions:

Leadership Pyramid

A conceptual model illustrating the various levels of leadership within an organization, from front-line supervisors to top executives.

Empirically Tested

Subjected to systematic and objective validation or verification through observation or experiment.

Complacency

A state of self-satisfaction, often accompanied by unawareness of actual dangers or deficiencies.

Job Performance

Job performance comprises the behaviors employees engage in that are relevant to the organization's goals and that can be measured in terms of each individual's effectiveness.