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Suppose you wanted to estimate a binomial proportion, p, correct to within .05 with probability 0.98. What size sample would need to be selected if p is known to be approximately 0.7?
Statistical Significance
A measure of the likelihood that a difference or relationship observed in a study could have occurred by random chance, often denoted by a p-value.
Effect Size
A quantitative measure of the magnitude of the experimental effect from a study, indicating the size of the difference between groups.
T-statistic
A statistic calculated from a sample of data used to conduct a t-test, which assesses whether there is a significant difference between the means of two datasets.
Type II Error
An error that occurs when a statistical test fails to reject a false null hypothesis, indicating a missed opportunity to detect an actual effect or difference.
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