Use the Guidelines to Evaluate the Study

question 173

Multiple Choice

Use the guidelines to evaluate the study. From the information given, what is the biggest flaw in the study?
-A medical researcher randomly selects 500 Japanese people and 500 Americans. She questions the 1000 people. She finds that the Americans work longer hours on average and also that the
Americans have a higher rate of heart disease. She concludes that working longer hours is
Associated with a higher incidence of heart disease.

• A)Variables are hard to define/measure
• B)Selection bias
• C)The source
• D)Participation bias
• E)Confounding variables

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Definitions:

Standard Deviation

A method for estimating the scatter or disparity among a set of numerical values.

Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test

A non-parametric statistical test used to compare two related samples or repeated measurements on a single sample to assess differences.

Observations

These are the individual pieces of data or measurements collected during a study or experiment.

Ranks

Positions in an ordered list, often used in statistics to organize data points based on their value or score.