A Researcher Records for Each of 500 Randomly Selected Towns

question 27

Essay

A researcher records for each of 500 randomly selected towns, the number of churches in the town and the number of homicides in the town in the past ten years. The towns range in size from a population of 1000 to a population of 1,000,000. He then performs a chi-square test of independence for these two variables. Would you expect that he would find association between the two variables? If so, should he conclude that a causal relationship exists? Explain your thinking.

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Definitions:

Flour Price

The market cost of flour, determined by factors like supply, demand, and production costs.

Production Cost

The total expense incurred in manufacturing a product or providing a service, including materials, labor, and overhead.

Technological Advance

The development and application of new technologies and processes that improve efficiency, productivity, or performance.

Substitute

A second definition, phrased differently: An alternative product or service that consumers may opt for when the original is unavailable, too expensive, or of lower quality.