Preliminary Data Analyses Indicates That Use of a Paired Wilcoxon $\mathrm { H } _ { 0 } : \mu _ { 1 } = \mu _ { 2 }$

question 41

Essay

Preliminary data analyses indicates that use of a paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test is reasonable. Perform the hypothesistest by using a paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Assume that the null hypothesis is $\mathrm { H } _ { 0 } : \mu _ { 1 } = \mu _ { 2 }$
-In a study of the effectiveness of physical exercise in weight reduction, 12 subjects followed a program of physical exercise for two months. Their weights (in pounds)before and after this program are shown in the following table. $$\begin{array} { l l l l l l l l l l l l l } \text { Before } & 162 & 190 & 188 & 152 & 148 & 127 & 195 & 164 & 175 & 156 & 180 & 136 \\ \hline \text { After } & 157 & 194 & 179 & 149 & 135 & 130 & 183 & 168 & 168 & 148 & 170 & 138 \end{array}$$ At the 5% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that the exercise program is effective in reducing weight?

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Definitions:

Operant Conditioning

A teaching methodology where the impact of a behavior is fine-tuned by the application of motivating or deterring factors.

Sexual Behavior

Activities related to physical intimacy or sexual intercourse between individuals.

Defense Mechanisms

Methods the unconscious mind uses to modify, reject, or alter reality in an effort to protect oneself from experiencing distress and inappropriate urges.

Moral Development

The process through which individuals develop proper attitudes and behaviors towards other people in society, based on social and cultural norms, laws, and personal beliefs.