Many Track Runners Believe That They Have a Better Chance $\alpha = 0.05$

question 57

Essay

Many track runners believe that they have a better chance of winning if they start in the inside lane that is closest to the field. For the data below, the lane closest to the field is Lane 1, the next lane is Lane 2, and so on until the outermost lane, Lane 6. The table displays the starting positions for the winners of 240 competitions. Test the claim that the probability of winning is the same regardless of starting position. Use $\alpha = 0.05$ . The results are based on 240 wins.
$\begin{array}{l|cccccc}\text { Starting Position } & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 \\\hline \text { Number of Wins } & 33 & 45 & 50 & 44 & 36 & 32\end{array}$

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Definitions:

Perceptual Parsing

The cognitive process by which the brain segments and organizes sensory input into meaningful units or objects, allowing for the interpretation of the visual and auditory world.

Figure-Ground Relationships

A visual perception principle that involves distinguishing an object (the figure) from its surrounding area (the ground).

Perceptual Organization

The cognitive process by which the brain structures sensory input into meaningful patterns or objects.

Perceptual Constancy

The accurate perception of certain attributes of a distal object, such as its shape, size, and brightness, despite changes in the proximal stimulus caused by variations in our viewing circumstances.