A Certain HMO Is Attempting to Show the Benefits of Managed

question 89

Multiple Choice

A certain HMO is attempting to show the benefits of managed care to an insurance company. The HMO believes that certain types of doctors are more cost-effective than others. One theory is that
Certification level is an important factor in measuring the cost-effectiveness of physicians. To
Investigate this, the HMO obtained independent random samples of 25 physicians from each of the
Three certification levels-Board certified (C) ; Uncertified, board eligible (E) ; and Uncertified, board
Ineligible (I) -and recorded the total per-member, per-month charges for each (a total of 25
Physicians) . In order to compare the mean charges for the three groups, the data will be subjected
To an analysis of variance. Write the null hypothesis tested by the ANOVA.

• A) \(H _ { 0 } : \beta _ { 1 } = \beta _ { 2 } = \beta _ { 3 } = 0\)
• B) \(H _ { 0 } : p _ { 1 } = p _ { 2 } = p _ { 3 }\)
• C) \(H _ { 0 } : \mu _ { \mathrm { C } } = \mu _ { \mathrm { E } } = \mu _ { \mathrm { I } } = 0\)
• D) \(H _ { 0 } : \mu _ { \mathrm { C } } = \mu _ { \mathrm { E } } = \mu _ { \mathrm { I } }\)

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Definitions:

Classical Conditioning

An acquisition of knowledge through the consistent coupling of two stimuli, wherein a response originally induced by the second stimulus is ultimately induced by the first stimulus on its own.

Conditioned Stimulus

An initially neutral stimulus that, after being associated with an unconditioned stimulus, elicits a conditioned response.

Unconditioned Stimulus

A stimulus that naturally triggers a reflexive response without any prior learning in classical conditioning.

Little Albert

Little Albert was the subject of an experiment by John B. Watson, demonstrating that classical conditioning could induce a fear response in humans.