It Is Believed That Children Can Throw a Ball Further

question 45

Multiple Choice

It is believed that children can throw a ball further after lunch than before lunch. A resear، decided to investigate this hypothesis using the paired-sample sign test. Each of 14 childı a ball as far as they could before and after lunch. The distances in meters are tabulated be
$\begin{array}{l|lllllll}\text { Subject } & \mathbf{1} & \mathbf{2} & \mathbf{3} & \mathbf{4} & \mathbf{5} & \mathbf{6} & \mathbf{7} \\\hline \text { Before Lunch } & 23 & 29 & 28 & 28 & 29 & 40 & 19 \\\text { After Lunch } & 26 & 35 & 34 & 25 & 35 & 37 & 22\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{l|lllllll}\text { Subject } & \mathbf{8} & \mathbf{9} & \mathbf{1 0} & \mathbf{1 1} & \mathbf{1 2} & \mathbf{1 3} & \mathbf{1 4} \\\hline \text { Before Lunch } & 23 & 28 & 56 & 19 & 40 & 28 & 28 \\\text { After Lunch } & 26 & 34 & 65 & 22 & 37 & 25 & 34\end{array}$

$\text { Test the researcher's hypothesis at } \alpha=0.05 \text {. }$

You may use the following abbreviated table of critical values for the sign test (one tailed $\alpha=0.05$ ) , taken from Table $\mathrm{J}$ in the text:


$\begin{array}{l|ccccccccccccccc}\mathbf{n} & 11 & 12 & 13 & 14 & 15 & 16 & 17 & 18 & 19 & 20 & 21 & 22 & 23 & 24 & 25 \\\hline \text { critical value } & 2 & 2 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 5 & 5 & 5 & 6 & 6 & 7 & 7 & 7\end{array}$
her

• A) The data does not support the claim (does not reject the null hypothesis) because the test value 3 is equal to the critical value 3.
• B) The data supports the claim (rejects null hypothesis) because the test value 3 is more than the critical value 2.
• C) The data does not support the claim (does not reject the null hypothesis) because the test value 4 is more than the critical value 3.
• D) The data does not support the claim (does not reject the null hypothesis) because the test value 4 is less than the critical value 7.

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Definitions:

Depreciation Expense

The systematic allocation of the cost of a tangible asset over its useful life, reflecting the loss in value as it ages, used for accounting and tax purposes.

Cash Coverage Ratio

A financial metric that measures a company's ability to pay off its debt obligations with its operating cash flow. It is an important indicator of financial health.

Debt-Equity Ratio

A marker indicating the relative financing tactics of using debt and equity in company assets.

Return On Assets

A financial ratio indicating the profitability of a firm relative to its total assets, demonstrating how efficient a company is at using its assets to generate earnings.