Refer to the Table Which Summarizes the Results of Testing

question 86

Multiple Choice

Refer to the table which summarizes the results of testing for a certain disease.
$$\begin{array} { l | c c } & \text { Positive Test Result } & \text { Negative Test Result } \\\hline \text { Subject has the disease } & 87 & 6 \\\text { Subject does not have the disease } & 27 & 158\end{array}$$
If one of the results is randomly selected, what is the probability that it is a false positive (test indicates the person has the disease when in fact they don't) ? What does this probability suggest about the accuracy of the test?

• A) 0.410; The probability of this error is high so the test is not very accurate.
• B) 0.146; The probability of this error is high so the test is not very accurate.
• C) 0.0216; The probability of this error is low so the test is fairly accurate.
• D) 0.0971; The probability of this error is high so the test is not very accurate.

Understand the concept of degrees of freedom and its calculation in t-tests.

Comprehend the implications of the alternative hypothesis in testing differences between means.

Identify the appropriate critical value for hypothesis testing based on sample size and hypotheses.

Interpret the significance (p-value) of statistical tests and its implications on hypothesis testing.

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Definitions:

Displacement

In Freudian psychology, the unconscious shifting of an impulse or emotion from its original object to another object.

Projection

A defense mechanism where an individual attributes their own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or motives to someone else.

Rationalisation

A psychological strategy where questionable actions or emotions are rationalized in a way that appears logical, to sidestep the real reasons behind them.

Psychosexual Stages

Freud's theory of personality development, which posits that children pass through distinct stages centered on erogenous zones, with unsuccessful navigation potentially resulting in lifelong neuroses.