A Biology Professor Reports That Historically Grades in Her Introductory

question 131

Essay

A biology professor reports that historically grades in her introductory biology course have
been distributed as follows: 15% A's, 30% B's, 40% C's, 10% D's, and 5% F's. Grades in her
most recent course were distributed as follows: $$\begin{array} { l | c | c | c | c | c } \text { Grade } & \text { A } & \text { B } & \text { C } & \text { D } & \text { F } \\\hline \text { Frequency } & 89 & 121 & 78 & 25 & 12\end{array}$$
a. Test an appropriate hypothesis to decide if the professor's most recent grade distribution
matches the historical distribution. Give statistical evidence to support your conclusion.
b. Which grade impacted your decision the most? Explain what this means in the context of
the problem.

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Definitions:

EDLP

Stands for Everyday Low Pricing, a retail pricing strategy aiming to offer consumers consistently low prices instead of using short-term promotions.

Sell-through

The percentage of inventory sold to consumers compared to the amount initially delivered to retailers or distributors, indicating product demand and sales effectiveness.

Lot Sizing Decisions

Decisions made to determine the optimal order quantity that minimizes the total costs including holding, ordering, and shortage costs.

Fixed Costs

Expenses that do not change in proportion to the activity of a business, such as rent, salaries, and insurance premiums.