Use the Following Information to Answer the Question

question 53

Multiple Choice

Use the following information to answer the question. A researcher wonders whether receiving a job offer is effected by
whether an interviewee wears a red tie. The researcher used the following study design to collect data: The researcher chose
five large companies in a large city and observed the tie color of all interviewees during a two week period. He also records
whether the person was hired by the company. He finds that interviewees who wear red ties are more likely to be hired than
interviewees who do not wear red ties.
-Suppose it was reported on the news that a recent study concluded that the probability that you will get brain cancer if you use a cell phone more than doubled from 1 in 460,000 to 1 in 230,000.
Choose the statement that best summarizes the significance of this result.

• A) Although this result may have statistical significance, it does not have clinical significance since the probability that you will get brain cancer if you use cell phone is still so small that it
• Is unlikely to have a meaningful affect on lives.
• B) Many would say that this result does not have clinical or statistical significance because the probabilities are so small that they are meaningless.
• C) Although this result may have clinical significance, it does not have statistical significance
• Since the probability that you will get brain cancer if you use cell phone is still so small that it
• Is unlikely to have a meaningful affect on lives.
• D) Many would say that this result has both clinical and statistical significance because the
• Probability more than doubled and this result could have a significant impact on lives.

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Definitions:

Brain Activity

The functioning of the brain as it engages in various cognitive, sensory, and motor tasks, typically measured by various neuroimaging techniques.

Hormones

Chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands that regulate various bodily functions and processes.

Neurotransmitters

Chemical messengers that transmit signals across a chemical synapse, from one neuron (nerve cell) to another 'target' neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell.

Endocrine System

A collection of glands that produce hormones regulating metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things.