Use the Following Information to Answer the Question

question 25

Multiple Choice

Use the following information to answer the question. A researcher wonders whether receiving a job offer is effected by
whether an interviewee wears a red tie. The researcher used the following study design to collect data: The researcher chose
five large companies in a large city and observed the tie color of all interviewees during a two week period. He also records
whether the person was hired by the company. He finds that interviewees who wear red ties are more likely to be hired than
interviewees who do not wear red ties.
-Suppose it was reported on the news that a recent study concluded that the probability that you will get brain cancer if you use a cell phone more than doubled from 1 in 460,000 to 1 in 230,000.
Choose the statement that best summarizes the significance of this result.

• A) Many would say that this result does not have clinical or statistical significance because the probabilities are so small that they are meaningless.
• B) Many would say that this result has both clinical and statistical significance because the
• Probability more than doubled and this result could have a significant impact on lives.
• C) Although this result may have clinical significance, it does not have statistical significance
• Since the probability that you will get brain cancer if you use cell phone is still so small that it
• Is unlikely to have a meaningful affect on lives.
• D) Although this result may have statistical significance, it does not have clinical significance
• Since the probability that you will get brain cancer if you use cell phone is still so small that it
• Is unlikely to have a meaningful affect on lives.

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Definitions:

Internal Thoracic Vein

A vein that runs alongside the internal thoracic artery and drains blood from the chest wall and breasts into the brachiocephalic vein.

Ethical Dilemma

A situation in which a person must choose between options that are or seem to be equally unacceptable or dishonorable.

Conflicting Alternatives

Conflicting alternatives are options in a decision-making process that are incompatible with each other, presenting a challenge to reach a consensus.

Social Communication

The process of sharing information, ideas, and feelings with others in a societal context, using both verbal and non-verbal methods.