Use the Following Information to Answer the Question

question 6

Multiple Choice

Use the following information to answer the question. A researcher wonders whether speed of service at a diner is affected by whether a male customer is wearing a suit jacket. The researcher used the following study design to collect data: The researcher chose five diners in a large city and recorded the number of male customers that wore a suit jacket during a two week period. He also records how long it took a waiter or waitress to address the customer. He finds that male customers who wear suit jackets were addressed by the wait staff faster than male customers who did not wear a suit jacket.
-Choose the statement that correctly explains why we can or cannot make a cause- and- effect conclusion.

• A)This was an experimental study so we conclude that wearing a suit jacket caused a male customer to be addressed faster.
• B)Since this was a controlled observational study we can conclude that there was a cause- and- effect relationship.
• C)This was an observational study. Since random assignment was not used, we cannot conclude that getting addressed faster was caused by wearing a suit jacket.
• D)The male customers (and diners)were not selected from a larger population, so we cannot conclude that there was a cause- and- effect relationship.

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Definitions:

Responses

Reactions to a stimulus or a series of events.

High in Validity

Refers to the extent to which a test, experiment, or measurement accurately reflects what it is intended to measure.

Group Dynamics

The study of the psychological processes involved when individuals interact in small groups, focusing on roles, norms, conflict, and cohesion.

Political Attitudes

Individuals' views and preferences about political parties, policies, and issues, which influence their political behavior and choices.