The Following Table Shows the Results from a Study to See

question 8

Multiple Choice

The following table shows the results from a study to see if a home remedy ointment for mosquito bites worked better than a placebo. Each participant was randomly assigned to receive the home remedy ointment or the placebo ointment. "Improvement" means no symptoms of itching after three minutes. $\begin{array}{lccc} & \text { Home } & & \\& \text { Remedy } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Total } \\\text { No Improvement } & 2 & 4 & 6 \\\text { Improvement } & 6 & 5 & 11 \\\text { Total } & 8 & 9 & 17\end{array}$
The alternative hypothesis is that the home remedy ointment leads to improvement (in this case, less itching) . The p-value for a one-tailed Fisher's exact test with these data is $0.618$ . Suppose the study had turned out differently, as in the following table.
$\begin{array} { l c c c } & \begin{array} { c } \text { Home } \\ \text { Remedy } \end{array} & \text { Placebo } & \text { Total } \\ \text { No Improvement } & 0 & 6 & 6 \\ \text { Improvement } & 8 & 3 & 11 \\ \text { Total } & 8 & 9 & 17 \end{array}$ Would Fisher's Exact Test have led to a p-value larger or smaller than 0.618?

• A) The p-value would be smaller.
• B) The p-value would be larger.

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Definitions:

Only Pleasure

The concept that the pursuit of pleasure is the most important goal or the only source of moral value.

Avoids Pain

The natural human tendency or behavior to avoid situations or actions that may lead to physical or emotional discomfort.

Ethical Hedonism

A philosophical belief that pleasure or happiness is the highest good and proper aim of human life.

Normative

Normative refers to standards or norms that are used to guide, control, or regulate behavior and beliefs within a society.