Suppose a Study Was Conducted to See Whether There Is

question 27

Multiple Choice

Suppose a study was conducted to see whether there is an association between marital status and breast cancer remission. The table below shows the results from the study. Assume all conditions for testing have been met. $\begin{array}{l|c|c|c} & {\text { Patient was in remission }} & \text { after treatment } \\& \text { 1 year } & 2 \text { years } & 3 \text { or more years } \\\hline \begin{array}{l}\text { Married (at the } \\\text { time of treatment) }\end{array} & 40 & 20 & 15 \\\hline \begin{array}{l}\text { Unmarried (at the } \\\text { time of treatment) }\end{array} & 33 & 18 & 17\end{array}$
This was an observational study of randomly chosen patients who had received similar chemotherapy treatments. Test the hypothesis that marital status and remission from breast cancer are associated, using a significance level of $0.05$ . Choose the correct decision regarding the null hypothesis and conclusion. Refer to the computer output below.
$\begin{array} { | l | } \hline \chi ^ { 2 } - \text { Test } \\X ^ { 2 } = .5601810006 \\p = .7557153459 \\\mathrm { df } = 2 \\\hline\end{array}$

• A) Reject the null hypothesis; marital status and cancer remission are not associated.
• B) Reject the null hypothesis; marital status and cancer remission are associated.
• C) Fail to reject the null hypothesis; marital status and cancer remission are associated.
• D) Fail to reject the null hypothesis; marital status and cancer remission are not associated.

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Definitions:

Esophagus

The muscular tube that moves food from the throat to the stomach.

Sphincter

A ring-like muscle that controls the passage of substances through an opening in the body, such as the anus or esophagus.

Peristalsis

The series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food through the digestive tract.

Latissimus Dorsi

The large muscle of the back.