The Rate of Energy Flow Per Unit Area of an Electromagnetic

question 11

Multiple Choice

The rate of energy flow per unit area of an electromagnetic wave has an average value of $0.695$ $\mathrm { W } / \mathrm { m } ^ { 2 }$ . The wave is incident at right angles upon a rectangular area measuring $1.5 \mathrm {~m}$ by $2.0 \mathrm {~m}$ .
How much total energy falls upon this rectangle each minute? $\left( \varepsilon _ { 0 } = 8.85 \times 10 ^ { - 12 } \mathrm { C } 2 / \mathrm { N } \cdot \mathrm { m } ^ { 2 } , \mu _ { 0 } = 4 \right.$ $\pi \times 10 ^ { - 7 } \mathrm {~T} \cdot \mathrm { m } / \mathrm { A } , c = 3.0 \times 10 ^ { 8 } \mathrm {~m} / \mathrm { s }$ )

• A) \(250 \mathrm {~J}\)
• B) \(160 \mathrm {~J}\)
• C) \(130 \mathrm {~J}\)
• D) \(220 \mathrm {~J}\)
• E) \(190 \mathrm {~J}\)

Understand the concept of sunk costs and how they influence business decisions.

Calculate a firm’s average total cost given production figures.

Analyze a firm’s decision-making process in relation to average and marginal costs to determine optimal production levels.

Recognize and explain the phenomena of economies of scale and diseconomies of scale.

---

Definitions:

Refusing

The act of deliberately not accepting or agreeing to something.

Race

A social construct that categorizes people based on physical characteristics, such as skin color, facial features, and hair texture.

Discrimination

The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, sex, or disability.

Unequal Treatment

The unfair and differential treatment of individuals or groups based on characteristics such as race, gender, age, or social status, often leading to discrimination and prejudice.