An Alpha Particle (A Helium Nucleus, Having Charge $+ 2 e$

question 30

Multiple Choice

An alpha particle (a helium nucleus, having charge $+ 2 e$ and mass $6.64 \times 10 ^ { - 27 } \mathrm {~kg}$ ) moves head-on at a fixed gold nucleus (having charge $+ 79 e$ ) . If the distance of closest approach is $2.0 \times 10 ^ { - 10 } \mathrm {~m}$ , what was the speed of the alpha particle when it was very far away from the gold? $\left( k = 1 / 4 \pi \varepsilon _ { 0 } = \right.$ $\left. 9.0 \times 10 ^ { 9 } \mathrm {~N} \cdot \mathrm { m } ^ { 2 } / \mathrm { C } ^ { 2 } , e = 1.60 \times 10 ^ { - 19 } \mathrm { C } \right)$

• A) \(2.3 \times 10 ^ { 5 } \mathrm {~m} / \mathrm { s }\)
• B) \(4.6 \times 10 ^ { 6 } \mathrm {~m} / \mathrm { s }\)
• C) \(2.3 \times 10 ^ { 6 } \mathrm {~m} / \mathrm { s }\)
• D) \(4.6 \times 10 ^ { 5 } \mathrm {~m} / \mathrm { s }\)

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Definitions:

Decriminalization

The process of removing criminal sanctions against certain acts, typically related to minor offenses or activities considered no longer socially harmful.

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The process of making certain actions or substances permissible and regulated by law, which were previously illegal.

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A type of crime that is universally agreed upon by society as being wrongful and deserving of punishment.

Consensus Crimes

Offenses that are universally considered to be socially harmful and morally unacceptable, leading to general agreement on their criminalization.