Use the Traditional Method of Hypothesis Testing to Test the Given

question 91

Essay

Use the traditional method of hypothesis testing to test the given claim about the means of two populations. Assume that
two dependent samples have been randomly selected from normally distributed populations.
-A test of abstract reasoning is given to a random sample of students before and after they completed a formal logic course. The results are given below. At the 0.05 significance level, test the claim that the mean score is not affected by the course. $\begin{array} { l l l l l l l l l l l } \text { Before } & 74 & 83 & 75 & 88&84 & 63 & 93 & 84 & 91 & 77 \\ \hline \text {After }& 73 & 77 & 70 & 77 & 74 & 67 & 95 & 83 & 84 & 75 \end{array}$

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Definitions:

Deviant Acts

Actions that go against the norms or laws of a society, which can range from minor nonconformities to major offenses.

Ritualists

Individuals who strictly adhere to established rituals or ceremonies, often within a religious or cultural context.

Retreatists

Individuals who reject both the cultural goals and the institutional means of achieving them, withdrawing from society's expectations.

Differential Association

A theory that suggests individuals learn deviant behavior from those close to them who provide models of and opportunities for deviance.