A Researcher Wishes to Study Whether Music Has Any Effect

question 21

Essay

A researcher wishes to study whether music has any effect on the ability to memorize information. 87 randomly selected adults are given a memory test in a quiet room. They are then given a second memory test while listening to classical music. 62 people received a higher score on the second test, 24 a lower score, and 1 received the same score. At the 0.05 significance level, test the claim that the music has no effect on memorization skills.

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Definitions:

Neutral Stimulus

An initially neutral stimulus that does not provoke an inherent response until it becomes associated with a naturally occurring stimulus.

Unconditioned Stimulus

In classical conditioning, a stimulus that naturally triggers a reflexive response without the need for prior learning.

Unconditioned Stimulus

A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any prior learning.

Conditioned Response

A behavioral reaction developed in response to a stimulus that was once neutral but has now been linked with an unconditioned stimulus.