The Following Data Shows Annual Income, in Thousands of Dollars

question 41

Essay

The following data shows annual income, in thousands of dollars, categorized according to the two factors of gender and level of education. Assume that incomes are not affected by an interaction between gender and level of education, and test the null hypothesis that gender has no effect on income. Use a 0.05 significance level. $$\begin{array} { l c c } & \text { Female } & \text { Male } \\\text { High school } & 23,27,24,26 & 25,26,22,24 \\\text { College } & 28,36,31,33 & 35,32,39,28 \\\text { Advanced degree } & 41,38,43,49 & 35,50,47,44\end{array}$$

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Definitions:

Social Organizations

Groupings of individuals coming together to achieve common goals or undertake common tasks, structured according to roles and relationships.

Bureaucracy's Other Face

The less visible or acknowledged aspects of bureaucratic organizations, potentially referring to their informal, personal, or unintended functions and interactions.

Bureaucracy

A system of administration characterized by strict policies, procedures, and hierarchy, typically found within large organizations and governments.

Group Size

The number of individuals participating in a social group or gathering, affecting its dynamics and interactions.