A Manager Records the Production Output of Three Employees Who

question 37

Essay

A manager records the production output of three employees who each work on three different machines for three different days. The sample results are given below and the Minitab results follow. $$\begin{array}{l}\begin{array} { r r c c c } & && { \text { Employee } } \\& & \text { A } & \text { B } & \text { C } \\& \text { I } & 16,18,19 & 15,17,20 & 14,18,16 \\\text { Machine } & \text { II } & 20,27,29 & 25,28,27 & 29,28,26 \\& \text { III } & 15,18,17 & 16,16,19 & 13,17,16\end{array}\\\\\text { ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE ITEMS }\\\begin{array} { l r r r } \text { SOURCE } & \text { DF } & { \text { SS } } & { \text { MS } } \\\text { MACHINE } & 2 & 588.74 & 294.37 \\\text { EMPLOYEE } & 2 & 2.07 & 1.04 \\\text { INTERACTION } & 4 & 15.48 & 3.87 \\\text { ERROR } & 18 & 98.67 & 5.48 \\\text { TOTAL } & 26 & 704.96 &\end{array}\end{array}$$ Assume that the number of items produced is not affected by an interaction between employee and machine. Using a 0.05 significance level, test the claim that the machine has no effect on the number of items produced.

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Definitions:

Latent Learning

A form of learning that occurs without any obvious reinforcement of the behavior or associations that are learned.

Negative Punishment

The removal of a stimulus following a given behavior in order to decrease the frequency of that behavior.

Negative Reinforcement

A process in behavior modification that involves increasing the likelihood of a behavior by removing or avoiding an aversive stimulus as a consequence of the behavior.

Positive Reinforcement

A process in which the introduction of a stimulus following a particular behavior increases the likelihood of the behavior's occurrence.