Use A $\chi ^ { 2 }$ Test to Test the Claim That in the Given Contingency

question 46

Essay

Use a $\chi ^ { 2 }$ test to test the claim that in the given contingency table, the row variable and the column variable are independent. Tests for adverse reactions to a new drug yielded the results given in the table. At the $0.05$ significance level, test the claim that the treatment (drug or placebo) is independent of the reaction (whether or not headaches were experienced).
$\begin{array}{r|cc} & \text { Drug } & \text { Placebo } \\\hline \text { Headaches } & 11 & 7 \\\text { No headaches } & 73 & 91\end{array}$

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Definitions:

Variable on the Horizontal Axis

Refers to the independent variable in a graph that is plotted along the horizontal or x-axis and determines the values of other variables.

Slope

A measure of the steepness or incline of a line, indicating the rate at which values change along the line.

Positive Slope

A line or curve on a graph that moves upward from left to right, indicating a positive relationship between two variables.

Increasing

A process or trend characterized by a growth or rise in quantity, size, or significance.