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Do one of the following, as appropriate: (a) Find the critical value , (b) find the critical value .
is unknown; population appears to be normally distributed.
Polyandry
A mating system where females mate (or attempt to mate) with multiple males.
Polygyny
A mating system where a male mates with multiple females within one breeding season, commonly observed in animals.
Polygamy
A mating system where an individual has multiple mates during one breeding season, commonly observed in many animal species.
Nuptial Gifts
Items or food provided by one individual to another within a mating context, often influencing mate choice and reproductive success.
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