[Objective: Conduct a Hypothesis Test on Two Independent Samples] a Researcher

question 40

Multiple Choice

[Objective: Conduct a hypothesis test on two independent samples] A researcher wants to know whether athletic women are more flexible than non-athletic women. For this experiment, a woman who exercised vigorously at least four times per week was considered "athletic". Flexibility is measured in inches on a sit & reach box. A researcher tested his claim using the following summary statistics:

Assume that all conditions for testing have been met.
; At the 1% significance level, state your decision regarding the null hypothesis and your conclusion about the original claim.

• A) Fail to reject the null hypothesis; there is not strong enough evidence to suggest that athletic women are more flexible, on average, than non-athletic women.
• B) Reject the null hypothesis; there is strong evidence to suggest that athletic women are more flexible, on average, than non-athletic women.
• C) Reject the null hypothesis; there is strong evidence to suggest that non-athletic women are more flexible, on average, than athletic women.
• D) Fail to reject the null hypothesis; there is strong evidence to suggest that non-athletic women are more flexible, on average, than athletic women.

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Definitions:

Selection Bias

A systematic error made in choosing individuals or groups to participate in a study, leading to non-random sampling.

Economic Research

The systematic study of the economy or economic phenomena, involving the collection and analysis of data to enhance understanding of economic processes.

Selection Bias

A distortion in the statistical analysis caused by a non-random selection of data, leading to misleading conclusions.

Random Sample

A subset of individuals chosen from a larger set, where each individual has an equal chance of being selected.