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This year Allison drove 800 miles to volunteer in a project sponsored by a qualified charitable organization in Utah.In addition, she spent $250 for meals while away from home.In total, Allison may take a charitable contribution deduction of $112 (800 miles × $0.14) relating to her volunteer work.
Ivan Pavlov
A Russian physiologist known for his work on classical conditioning, demonstrating how organisms learn through association.
Unconditioned Response
A natural, automatic reaction to a stimulus that does not require learning to take place.
Unconditioned Stimulus
In classical conditioning, it refers to a stimulus that naturally triggers a response without any prior learning.
Discriminative Response
A behavioral response that differentiates between various stimuli, showing an ability to discern or discriminate between them.
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