Which of the Following Is a "Third Variable" Explanation for the Correlation

question 13

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a "third variable" explanation for the correlation between life changes and physical health problems?

• A) Problems with physical health cause an increase in anxiety, which in turn causes stress.
• B) Life changes cause an increase in anxiety, which in turn increases the chances of problems with physical health.
• C) Problems with physical health necessitate changes in lifestyle, which in turn increase stress.
• D) People with certain personality traits are more likely to experience life changes and also more likely to have health problems.
• E) Problems with physical health are not always associated with anxiety.

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Definitions:

Variable Overhead

Costs that change in proportion to the activity or volume of production but are not directly associated with the production of a specific unit, such as utilities.

Direct Labour Hours

The total hours worked by employees that are directly involved in the production process.

Factory Overhead Rate

A calculation used to assign manufacturing overhead costs to individual units of production, based on a certain activity base.

Flexible Budget

A budget that adjusts to changes in the volume of activity, allowing for better comparison with actual costs.