Give an Example of a Function $f : \mathbf { Z } \rightarrow \mathbf { Z }$

question 167

Short Answer

Give an example of a function $f : \mathbf { Z } \rightarrow \mathbf { Z }$ that is 1-1 and not onto $Z$ .

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Definitions:

Gold Star

A symbol of commendation or recognition for outstanding achievement or quality.

Primary Reinforcer

A stimulus that satisfies basic survival needs and is inherently rewarding, such as food, water, or shelter, which does not require learning to be effective.

Secondary Reinforcer

A conditioned reinforcer that gains its reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforcer; examples include money, grades, or tokens.

Variable Interval

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is rewarded after an unpredictable amount of time has passed, making it a powerful tool in the study of operant conditioning.