Write the Sum Without Sigma Notation and Evaluate It $$\sum _ { \mathrm { k } = 1 } ^ { 4 } 2 \cos \frac { \pi } { \mathrm { k } }$$

question 62

Multiple Choice

Write the sum without sigma notation and evaluate it.
- $$\sum _ { \mathrm { k } = 1 } ^ { 4 } 2 \cos \frac { \pi } { \mathrm { k } }$$

• A) \(2 \cos \pi + 2 \cos \frac { \pi } { 4 } = - 2 + \sqrt { 2 }\)
• B) \(2 \cos \pi + 2 \cos \frac { \pi } { 2 } + 2 \cos \frac { \pi } { 3 } + 2 \cos \frac { \pi } { 4 } = - 1 + \sqrt { 2 }\)
• C) \(2 \cos \pi + 2 \cos \frac { \pi } { 2 } + 2 \cos \frac { \pi } { 3 } + 2 \cos \frac { \pi } { 4 } = - 2 + \sqrt { 3 } + \sqrt { 2 }\)
• D) \(2 \cos \pi + 2 \cos \frac { \pi } { 2 } + 2 \cos \frac { \pi } { 3 } + 2 \cos \frac { \pi } { 4 } = 3 + \sqrt { 2 }\)

Appreciate the role of conceptual replications in enhancing the generalizability of research findings.

Understand the relationship between output size and the concepts of economies of scale and diseconomies of scale.

Understand the shapes of average total cost (ATC) and average variable cost (AVC) curves and their significance.

Understand and identify examples of Parkinson's Law in organizational contexts.

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