The Following Table Presents the Number of Police Officers (Per

question 20

Multiple Choice

The following table presents the number of police officers (per 100,000 citizens) and the annual murder rate (per 100,000 citizens) for a sample of cities. $$\begin{array} { c c } \hline \text { Police Officers (per 100,000) } & \text { Murders (per 100,000 per yr) } \\\hline 1252 & 37 \\1352 & 34 \\1271 & 41 \\1275 & 39 \\1472 & 35 \\1047 & 52 \\\hline\end{array}$$ The correlation coefficient between the per capita number of police officers and the per capita murder rates -0.899. Which of the following is the best interpretation of the correlation coefficient?

• A) The per capita murder rate tends to go down as the per capita number of police officers goes up.
• B) Higher murder rates make it more difficult for cities to hire police officers.
• C) The per capita number of police officers and the per capita murder rates are positively associated.
• D) More per capita police officers results in fewer per capita murders.

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Definitions:

Sense Receptors

Specialized cells or organs in the body that respond to external stimuli, such as light, sound, or touch, and transmit signals to the brain.

Hormones

Chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands that travel through the bloodstream to tissues or organs, affecting many different bodily processes.

Absolute Threshold

The minimum intensity of a stimulus that one can detect 50% of the time, a concept used in sensory and perception research.

Reliable Detection

The ability to consistently identify or recognize true occurrences of a specific event or condition.