Following Is a Sample of Five Matched Pairs $\begin{array}{llllll}\hline \text { Sample 1 } & 23 & 20 & 19 & 22 & 22 \\\text { Sample 2 } & 19 & 17 & 20 & 20 & 15 \\\hline\end{array}$

question 4

True/False

Following is a sample of five matched pairs.
$\begin{array}{llllll}\hline \text { Sample 1 } & 23 & 20 & 19 & 22 & 22 \\\text { Sample 2 } & 19 & 17 & 20 & 20 & 15 \\\hline\end{array}$

Let $\mu _ { 1 }$ and $\mu _ { 2 }$ represent the population means and let $\mu _ { \mathrm { d } } = \mu _ { 1 } - \mu _ { 2 }$ . A test will be made of the hypotheses $H _ { 0 } : \mu _ { \mathrm { d } } = 0$ versus $H _ { 1 } : \mu _ { \mathrm { d } } > 0$ . Can you reject $H _ { 0 }$ at the $\alpha = 0.05$ level of significance?

---

Definitions:

Observing Accurately

The skill of clearly and correctly identifying and noting details of phenomena or behaviors without the influence of personal biases.

Operant Conditioning

A learning principle where behavior is shaped by its consequences, such as rewards (reinforcements) or punishments, emphasizing the role of environmental factors in influencing behavior.

Behavior Modification

The use of learning techniques to change or modify problematic behaviors by reinforcing desirable behaviors and eliminating unwanted ones.

Counterconditioning Techniques

Methods used in behavior therapy to substitute a new response for a maladaptive one through conditioning.