Structural, Data and Control Hazards Typically Require a Processor Pipeline

question 5

Essay

Structural, data and control hazards typically require a processor pipeline to stall. Listed below are a series of optimization techniques implemented in a compiler or a processor pipeline designed to reduce or eliminate stalls due to these hazards. For each of the following optimization techniques, state which pipeline hazards it addresses and how it addresses it. Some optimization techniques may address more than one hazard, so be sure to include explanations for all addressed hazards.
(a) Branch Prediction
(b) Instruction Scheduling
(c) delay slots
(d) increasing availability of functional units (ALUs, adders etc)
(e) caches

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Definitions:

Preferential Weathering

The process where different parts of a rock weather at different rates due to variations in composition, strength, or permeability.

Fractured Rocks

Rocks that have been broken or cracked as a result of physical stress without necessarily being displaced.

Weathered Limestone

Limestone that has undergone physical and chemical processes due to exposure to atmospheric conditions, leading to its alteration or decomposition.

Physical Weathering

The breakdown of rocks and minerals through direct contact with atmospheric conditions, such as temperature changes, water, ice, or biological activity, without chemical change.