S_N1 Reactions Run in Polar Solvents Have Faster Rates

question 3

Multiple Choice

S_N1 reactions run in polar solvents have faster rates than S_N1 reactions run in nonpolar solvents.
Which statement provides the best explanation for the difference in rates?

• A) Polar solvents stabilize the transition state in the rate-determining step.
• B) Nonpolar solvents stabilize the transition state in the rate-determining step.
• C) Polar solvents stabilize the carbocation intermediate.
• D) Nonpolar solvents stabilize the carbocation intermediate.
• E) The reaction mechanism is different in polar solvents than in nonpolar solvents.

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Definitions:

Chlorine

A chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17, known for its roles in disinfection, bleaching, and in the manufacture of a wide range of products.

Salty Soil

Soil with high concentrations of soluble salts, often problematic for plant growth due to its effect on water absorption.

Osmosis

The movement of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to one of higher solute concentration.

Hydroponically

A method of growing plants in a nutrient-rich solution rather than in soil, allowing for controlled environmental conditions.