Use a Kruskal-Wallis Test to Test the Claim That the Samples

question 13

Essay

Use a Kruskal-Wallis test to test the claim that the samples come from populations with equal medians. Listed
below are grade averages for randomly selected students with three different categories of high-school
background. At the 0.05 level of significance, test the claim that the three groups have the same median grade
average. $$\begin{array} { | c c c | } \hline { \text { HIGH SCHOOL RECORD } } \\\text { Good } & \text { Fair } & \text { Poor } \\3.21 & 2.87 & 2.01 \\3.65 & 3.05 & 2.31 \\1.00 & 2.00 & 2.98 \\3.12 & 0.00 & 0.50 \\2.75 & 1.98 & 2.36 \\\hline\end{array}$$

Understand the psychological concept of learned helplessness and its impact on behavior.

Recognize the role of discriminative stimuli in signaling the availability of reinforcement.

Describe various reinforcement schedules and their effects on behavior.

Explain the phenomena of extinction and generalization within the context of operant conditioning.

---

Definitions:

Rejection of Ideas

The act of dismissing or refusing to accept proposed concepts or viewpoints.

Convergent Thinker

Describes someone who approaches problems by attempting to find a single, optimal solution to a problem through logic and analysis.

Mature Learners

Mature learners are adults who return to educational settings to pursue further learning, often after a significant time away from formal education.

Community College

A type of educational institution that provides two-year academic and vocational programs, often serving as a more affordable or accessible alternative to four-year colleges and universities.