11 Runners Are Timed at the 100-Meter Dash and Are

question 65

Essay

11 runners are timed at the 100-meter dash and are timed again one month later after following a new training
program. The times (in seconds) are shown in the table. Use Wilcoxon's signed-ranks test and a significance
level of 0.05 to test the claim that the training has no effect on the times. $$\begin{array} { l l l l l l l l l l l l } \text { Before } & 12.1 & 12.4 & 11.7 & 11.5 & 11.0 & 11.8 & 12.3 & 10.8 & 12.6 & 12.7 & 10.7 \\\hline \text { After } & 11.9 & 12.4 & 11.8 & 11.4 & 11.2 & 11.5 & 12.0 & 10.9 & 12.0 & 12.2 & 11.1\end{array}$$

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Definitions:

Menander

An Ancient Greek playwright of the New Comedy period, renowned for his character-driven plots and influence on Roman comedy.

Alcibiades

A charismatic and controversial Athenian statesman and general, known for his shifting political allegiances during the Peloponnesian War and for his impact on Athens' military and political strategies.

Achilles

A legendary Greek hero of the Trojan War, known for his unmatched strength, bravery, and the story of his only vulnerable spot, his heel.

Linear Perspective

An artistic technique that creates the illusion of depth and volume on a flat surface by depicting objects smaller as their distance from the observer increases.