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When performing a rank correlation test, one alternative to using the Critical Values of Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient table to find critical values is to compute them using this approximation:
where is the t-score from the Distribution table corresponding to degrees of freedom. Use this approximation to find critical values of for the case where and .
External Funds
Capital that comes from outside of a company, which can include debt financing from banks or equity financing from investors.
Assets And Liabilities
The fundamental components of a company's or individual's financial position, where assets represent resources owned, and liabilities represent obligations owed to others.
Spontaneously Generated Funds
Internal funds generated by a company's operations without the need for external financing.
Retained Earnings
The portion of net income not distributed to shareholders but reinvested in the business or kept as reserve.
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