Use the Computer Display to Answer the Question $\text { Score }=31.55+10.90 \text { Years. }$

question 152

Multiple Choice

Use the computer display to answer the question.
-A collection of paired data consists of the number of years that students have studied Spanish and their scores on a Spanish language proficiency test. A computer program was used to obtain the least squares linear
Regression line and the computer output is shown below. Along with the paired sample data, the program was
Also given an x value of 2 (years of study) to be used for predicting test score.
The regression equation is $\text { Score }=31.55+10.90 \text { Years. }$

$\begin{array}{lcccc}\text { Predictor } & \text { Coef } & \text { StDev } & \text { T } & \text { P } \\\text { Constant } & 31.55 & 6.360 & 4.96 & 0.000 \\\text { Years } & 10.90 & 1.744 & 6.25 & 0.000\end{array}$


$\mathrm{S}=5.651 \quad \mathrm{R}-\mathrm{Sq}=83.0 \% \quad \mathrm{R}-\mathrm{Sq}(\mathrm{Adj}) =82.7 \%$

$\text { Predicted values }$


What percentage of the total variation in test scores is unexplained by the linear relationship between years of
Study and test scores?

• A) 83.0%
• B) 82.7%
• C) 17.0%
• D) 8.9%

---

Definitions:

Seatbelt

A safety device fitted in vehicles, designed to secure the occupant against harmful movement that may result from sudden stops or impacts.

Skinner Box

Is a controlled environment used to observe and study the behavior of animals, especially in experiments involving operant conditioning.

Variable Ratio Schedule

A reinforcement schedule in operant conditioning where rewards are provided after an unpredictable number of responses, promoting high and steady rates of behavior.

Positive Reinforcement

A technique in behavior modification that involves providing a reward following a desired behavior to increase the likelihood of its recurrence.