Imagine That Researchers Interested in the Possible Bidirectional Influence of Children's

question 17

Multiple Choice

Imagine that researchers interested in the possible bidirectional influence of children's aggression and parental use of punitive discipline examined these two variables when a group of children was at each of three ages: 4 years old, 8 years old, and 12 years old. Which of the following statements would be the best support for the bidirectional influence of these variables?

• A)Greater punitive discipline at age 4 was associated with greater punitive discipline at age 8, which was associated with greater aggression at age 12.
• B)Greater aggression at age 4 was associated with greater punitive discipline at age 8, which was associated with greater aggression at age 12.
• C)Greater aggression at age 4 was associated with greater aggression at age 8, which was associated with greater punitive discipline at age 12.
• D)Less punitive discipline at age 4 was associated with greater aggression at age 8, which was associated with greater aggression at age 12.

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Definitions:

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A personality disorder characterized by a preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control, at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency.

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A psychotherapy approach that focuses on gender, social, and political inequality, emphasizing empowerment and social change.

Exercise Therapy

A regimen or plan of physical activities designed and prescribed for specific therapeutic goals, aimed at restoring optimal physical function.

Feminist Therapists

Mental health professionals who apply feminist principles and understanding of gender inequality to therapy practices.