A Researcher Is Interested in Examining Whether Offering Children Candy

question 61

Multiple Choice

A researcher is interested in examining whether offering children candy as an incentive to share will increase preschoolers' sharing behavior. A group of preschoolers is brought into the laboratory to play with some interesting toys. The preschoolers are split into two groups through random assignment. Group A is told that they will get candy each time they share, and Group B is not told anything about candy or sharing. Results indicate that preschoolers in Group A share more than do preschoolers in Group B, and the researcher concludes that offering children candy for sharing caused the children in Group A to share more. Which of the following statements is the clearest
limitation of this study?

• A)Children in Group A may have been naturally kinder than children in Group B.
• B)We cannot infer causation from this type of study.
• C)These findings may not generalize beyond the
• laboratory setting.
• D)There may be a third-variable problem.
• E)All of the answers are clear limitations.

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Definitions:

Retina

The light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that converts light into neural signals that the brain interprets as visual images.

Pupil

The black circular opening in the center of the iris of the eye, which regulates the amount of light that enters the eye.

Iris

The colored ring of muscle that surrounds the pupil of the eye, controlling the size of the pupil and the amount of light that enters.

Accommodation

In psychology, it refers to the cognitive process of revising existing cognitive schemas, perceptions, and understanding so that new information can be incorporated.