A Researcher Is Interested in Examining Whether Offering Children Candy

question 61

Multiple Choice

A researcher is interested in examining whether offering children candy as an incentive to share will increase preschoolers' sharing behavior. A group of preschoolers is brought into the laboratory to play with some interesting toys. The preschoolers are split into two groups through random assignment. Group A is told that they will get candy each time they share, and Group B is not told anything about candy or sharing. Results indicate that preschoolers in Group A share more than do preschoolers in Group B, and the researcher concludes that offering children candy for sharing caused the children in Group A to share more. Which of the following statements is the clearest
limitation of this study?

• A)Children in Group A may have been naturally kinder than children in Group B.
• B)We cannot infer causation from this type of study.
• C)These findings may not generalize beyond the
• laboratory setting.
• D)There may be a third-variable problem.
• E)All of the answers are clear limitations.

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Definitions:

Smooth Muscle Fibers

Muscle tissue that is involuntary, non-striated, and found in the walls of internal organs and blood vessels.

Cardiac Muscle Fibers

Specialized muscle fibers found in the heart that enable its contraction and beating.

Involuntary Control

The regulation of bodily functions not under conscious control, such as heartbeat and digestion.

Striations

Linear marks, grooves, or ridges on a surface, often observed in muscle tissue or rocks.