Three-Year-Old Josh Has Been Classically Conditioned to Salivate to a Bell.We

question 714

Multiple Choice

Three-year-old Josh has been classically conditioned to salivate to a bell.We now clap our hands and then ring the bell.Little Josh will soon learn to salivate when we clap our hands because of

• A) the law of effect.
• B) shaping.
• C) higher-order conditioning.
• D) instrumental conditioning.

Understand various leadership models and their applicability in different work settings.

Identify and differentiate between styles of leadership such as participative, achievement-oriented, transformational, and their impacts on team performance.

Recognize the significance of leader-member exchange theory (LMX) and its influence on in-group and out-group dynamics.

Know the factors that substitute for leadership and reduce the need for leader's personal involvement.

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Definitions:

Skeletal Muscles

Voluntary muscles attached to the skeleton that are responsible for movement and are controlled consciously.

Hyoid Bone

A U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue and is associated with swallowing and speech.

Omohyoid

A muscle in the neck that acts to lower the hyoid bone and larynx during swallowing and speech.

Thyrohyoid

A muscle in the neck that depresses the hyoid bone and raises the larynx during swallowing and speaking.