Many Phobias Can Be Traced Back to a Time When

question 241

Multiple Choice

Many phobias can be traced back to a time when the person was frightened, injured, or upset by a particular stimulus, especially in childhood, and would, thus, be based on

• A)inherited familial patterns.
• B)emotional conditioning.
• C)operant extinction.
• D)instrumental acquisition.

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Definitions:

Nonrandom Samples

Nonrandom samples are samples that are not selected using random methods, which may result in a biased representation of the overall population.

Alternative Hypothesis

It proposes that there is a statistically significant relationship between variables, opposing the null hypothesis.

Mean Difference

The average difference between each pair of observations in two sets of values, often used in comparative studies.

Null Hypothesis

In statistics, it's the hypothesis that there is no effect or no difference, and it is tested against an alternative hypothesis.