Your Textbook Described a Classic Experiment by Robert Rescorla That

question 31

Multiple Choice

Your textbook described a classic experiment by Robert Rescorla that involved two groups of rats. One group of ratsheard a tone just before each of 20 shocks. The second group of rats experienced the same 20 tone-shock pairings, but also experienced an additional 20 shocks that were not paired with a tone. How did the two groups differ?

• A)Because they experienced more shocks, the rats in the second group displayed a much stronger fear response to the tone than did the rats in the first group.
• B)As predicted by the basic principles of classical conditioning, there were no differences between the two groups of rats.
• C)The rats in the first group developed learned helplessness, while the rats in the second group did not.
• D)The rats in the first group displayed a much stronger conditioned fear response to the tone than did the rats in the second group.

Analyze the psychological impact of group behavior on individuals, including conformity, social loafing, and deindividuation.

Understand the impact and responses to economic crises and conflicts during the early 21st century.

Explain the evolution of American foreign policy in the aftermath of September 11, 2001.

Identify the consequences of U.S. military interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq.

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Definitions:

Posterior Probabilities

The probabilities assigned to statistical outcomes after taking into consideration prior probability distribution and current evidence.

Prior Probabilities

The probabilities of different possible outcomes or hypotheses as assessed before any relevant evidence is taken into account.

Likelihood Probabilities

The probabilities of different outcomes estimated using a statistical model based on observed data.

Expected Value

A statistical concept that represents the average outcome of a random variable after many repetitions of an experiment.