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A real shock causes
Sugary Substances
Items or materials that have a high sugar content, often associated with sweet taste and energy provision.
Delayed Reinforcers
Rewards that do not immediately follow a behavior but occur after some time, still affecting the likelihood of the behavior's recurrence.
Variable-Interval Schedules
A reinforcement schedule in experiments where a response is rewarded after an unpredictable amount of time has passed, used to study learning and behavior.
Primary Reinforcers
Innate reinforcing qualities like food, drink, and pleasure that fulfill basic biological needs and do not depend on learning to be effective.
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