Describe the Research Method Used by DeCasper and Spence (1986)

question 75

Essay

Describe the research method used by DeCasper and Spence (1986) that provides evidence for fetal learning. Discuss the methodology as well as the findings.

---

Definitions:

Permissive-Indulgent

A parenting style characterized by high responsiveness but low demandingness, where parents are very involved but place few rules and demands on their children.

Social Competence

The ability of an individual to interact effectively with others, understanding social cues and responding appropriately in social settings.

Physically Punished

Subjected to punishment that involves causing physical pain, often as a method of correction or discipline.

Aggressive

Behaving or acting in a manner that is forceful, hostile, or attacking, often with the intent to dominate or harm others.