Using the Violation­of­expectancies Method, Investigators Have Found That Between 3

question 4

Multiple Choice

Using the violation­of­expectancies method, investigators have found that between 3 and 9 months of age, and sometimes earlier, infants appear to have at least an initial grasp of a wide variety of physical laws concerning the behavior of objects. For example, it has been demonstrated that infants in this age range show surprise when:

• A)a hand lets go of an object and the object does not fall.
• B)an object appears to have fallen through a solid shelf instead of onto the shelf.
• C)noncausal events occur, such as an object bumping into a second object and then after a 5­second delay, the second object moving.
• D)All of the answers occur.

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Definitions:

Intuitive Judgment

A judgment about the probability of an event based on integrating relevant evidence.

Frequency

The rate at which a repeating event occurs, such as the number of waves passing a point in one second.

Equal Alternatives

A scenario where all available options are considered to be of equal value or utility.

Battery

In legal terms, the act of causing physical harm to another person without their consent.