Which of the Following Was the Result at the U

question 52

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was the result at the U.S.Supreme Court level in the case of Board of Education of Independent School District No.92 of Pottawatomie County v.Earls,the case in the text involving whether a school system requiring student-athletes to take a drug test without any suspicion of drug use violates the Fourth Amendment?

• A) That individualized suspicion is not a consideration in determining whether a search is reasonable and that the searches at issue were, therefore, constitutional.
• B) That the searches were unconstitutional because no individual suspicion was present.
• C) That the searches were unconstitutional because minors were involved regardless of whether or not individual suspicion was present.
• D) That individualized suspicion is not always required and that the searches in the case were constitutional.

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Definitions:

Functioning Cones

Photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye responsible for color vision and function best in relatively bright light.

Black and White

Often used to describe situations that are viewed in terms of two clear, opposing positions or choices, with no gray areas in between.

Dim Light

A lighting condition characterized by a low level of illumination, often creating a subdued or intimate atmosphere.

Receptor Eye

Specialized cells located in the eye that convert light into neurotransmitters to produce visual images. This term is not exactly standard, and a more accurate phrase might be "photoreceptor cells in the eye."